Antibiotics for cystitis are prescribed after testing and identifying the causative agent of the disease.At the same time, a test is performed to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to various medications.Based on the information received, the doctor draws up a treatment regimen necessary to effectively fight the infection and prevent serious complications.
Efficiency
Pathogenic microflora is capable of developing resistance to various drugs, which is why modern antibiotics have a wide spectrum of action, allowing them to destroy almost all pathogenic microorganisms.The most popular drug is Fosfomycin.
The antibacterial agent is available in powder form.This guarantees its high bioavailability.The active substance destroys bacterial cells, relieving the main symptoms of the infection.A wide spectrum of action and a minimum number of side effects allow Fosfomycin to be used for various forms of cystitis.
In acute
In the case of an acute inflammatory process in the bladder, it is necessary to quickly stop the growth of pathogenic microflora and prevent the disease from becoming chronic.To this end, modern antibiotics with proven efficacy are used.
For acute cystitis, Monural is often prescribed.Its main component is able to accumulate in the tissues of the urinary system and maintain the therapeutic effect for a long period.For uncomplicated infections, a single application is sufficient.
For chronic
In the case of chronic cystitis, an antibacterial agent should be selected more carefully based on test data.Depending on the sensitivity of bacteria to various substances, the doctor determines the name, form of release and dose of the medicine.
With blood
When inflammation of the bladder mucosa is accompanied by bleeding, the patient is usually hospitalized and given antibiotic injections.Hemorrhagic cystitis poses a great danger to health.Therefore, the course of treatment takes place in a hospital under the supervision of doctors.
Fluoroquinolones
In the complex therapy of cystitis, drugs from the fluoroquinolone group are often used.These are broad-spectrum synthetic antibiotics that can disrupt the DNA synthesis of pathogenic bacteria.
Most fluoroquinolones are effective against gram-negative pathogenic microflora.At the same time, gram-positive microorganisms such as streptococci, enterococci and pneumococci, as well as anaerobic bacteria, show resistance to these substances.
For the treatment of cystitis and other urinary tract infections, Norfloxacin and Ofloxacin are prescribed.Tablets have a number of contraindications.They should not be used by children under 18 years of age, pregnant and lactating women, patients with renal, hepatic and cardiovascular insufficiency.
Cephalosporins
The cephalosporin group of antibacterial agents includes 5 generations of drugs that can destroy the cell walls of bacteria.Medicines are available in several forms: tablets, injectable solutions and powders, and in suspension form.The peculiarity of medicines is that they are characterized by relatively low toxicity.Antibiotics from this group are in some cases prescribed even to young children.
Side effects of cephalosporins often include nausea and vomiting or allergic skin reactions.For cystitis, the doctor may prescribe Cephalexin monohydrate, Cefixime, Cefaclor, Ceftriaxone.
Penicillins
The list of drugs included in the penicillin group is quite wide, as this type of antibiotic was created before the others.The medications affect the enzymes necessary for the synthesis of the infectious agent's cell wall.However, a large number of species of pathogenic microflora have developed resistance to penicillins.Therefore, these drugs are used less and less to treat inflammatory processes in the urinary system.For cystitis, Ampicillin or Amoxicillin may be prescribed.
Hydroxyquinolines
8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives are characterized by an intense antimicrobial effect.These compounds interfere with the synthesis of DNA gyrase in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, preventing their subsequent reproduction.From the group of hydroxyquinolines, Nitroxoline is used in the complex treatment of cystitis.
This remedy is prescribed when treatment with other medications has not brought a positive result.The antibiotic has many contraindications and can cause serious side effects, which is why its use without medical advice is strictly prohibited.
Quinolones
The group of quinolone drugs with a bactericidal effect was created from nalidixic acid (nalidixic acid) and pipemidic acid (pipemidic acid).
Medicines in this series have proven themselves as effective uroantiseptics, therefore they are often prescribed for the treatment of cystitis and other infectious diseases of the urinary tract.However, not all pathogens are sensitive to these antibiotics, so you should be tested before starting treatment.
Nitrofurans
A class of synthetic antimicrobial agents called nitrofurans includes popular tablets such as nitrofurantoin and furazidine.
These medications contain active components that are quickly absorbed into the blood from the gastrointestinal tract, penetrate the lesion and accumulate in the urine and kidneys.Medicines stop the growth of bacteria and destroy them.The difficulty with using nitrofurans is that these medications cause undesirable reactions in the body.
Macrolides
Medicines from the macrolide group are of natural origin and have minimal toxic effects on the human body, therefore they are considered the safest antibacterial agents for cystitis.
For inflammation of the bladder mucous membrane, tablets such as Roxithromycin and Azithromycin are effective.Its active ingredients destabilize the synthesis of special enzymes in bacterial ribosomes.As a result, pathogenic microorganisms, including intracellular ones, die.Macrolides also stimulate the body's immune response.
Tetracyclines
Antibiotics from the tetracycline group are capable of destroying bacterial cell membranes.These drugs are active against gram-positive aerobic pathogens.Tetracycline medications are effective against infections by certain gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.
However, the spectrum of action of antibiotics is quite narrow compared to other pharmaceutical drugs.Therefore, tetracyclines are prescribed only after receiving test results.Doxycycline is most often used for cystitis.
Levomycetins
The main active ingredient of medicines from the chloramphenicol group is a component whose properties are identical to those of the natural antibiotic chloramphenicol.Levomycetin and its analogues are effective against many types of pathogenic microflora.The antibiotic acts bacteriostatically.
However, several pathogens of urinary tract infections have developed resistance to chloramphenicol.Also, the medicine has many contraindications.Therefore, for the treatment of cystitis, Levomycetin is prescribed only in cases where therapy with other medications has not given a positive result.
Herbal remedies
To treat inflammatory processes in the organs of the urinary system, herbal medicines are used.
A natural remedy based on cranberries is highly effective against urinary tract infections.The berry has a bactericidal and diuretic effect, helps to strengthen the immune system.
Contraindications
Antibiotics are potent medicines and have several contraindications.Using medications without consulting a doctor can lead to serious health consequences.During the treatment of an infectious lesion of the bladder, one must strictly follow the urologist's recommendations, observe the dosage and duration of use of prescribed medications.
During pregnancy
During pregnancy, most antibiotics are contraindicated, as the active components penetrate the placental barrier and can cause malformations in the fetus.During pregnancy, herbal medicines are often prescribed.The doctor selects antibacterial agents for the pregnant woman individually, in cases where the benefit for the woman outweighs the potential risk for the child.
When breastfeeding
During breastfeeding, strong medications are also prohibited.Antibiotics used to treat cystitis in women can harm the baby if the active substances are excreted in the milk.It is recommended to transfer the child to artificial nutrition for the entire period of therapy.
For children
Children should not be given antibacterial agents without consulting a doctor.Several medications are contraindicated at an early age.In addition, the dose of the medicine in most cases is calculated based on the child's weight.
For men
The doctor always chooses the antibiotic, taking into account not only the course of the disease, but also the patient's general health.
For men with acute liver failure, cardiovascular and renal failure, cerebral atherosclerosis and other serious pathologies, a number of medications are contraindicated.Some antibiotics negatively affect potency and reproductive function.This must be taken into account when taking medications.
Complications
When the bladder becomes inflamed, there is a risk of complications that affect all pelvic organs.The infection can penetrate the kidneys, causing severe pyelonephritis.Bacterial urinary tract infection is dangerous for women due to various inflammatory diseases of the reproductive organs.
If the patient does not follow the doctor's recommendations regarding the dosage of medications and the duration of treatment, the pathogenic flora that caused the infection may develop resistance to the medications and become chronic.It is extremely difficult to completely cure cystitis in this case.Chronic infection contributes to general intoxication of the body and decreased immunity.
Reviews
The best way to cure cystitis at home is to drink Fosfomycin.You only need one packet of powder.The next day, no symptoms.There are also no side effects.If I hadn't tried, I wouldn't have believed that in just one day you could get rid of the pain, itching and constant trips to the bathroom.The product is expensive but effective.
Cheap products can also fight infections well.This was once again proven by Fosfomycin and Ofloxacin.I took an antibiotic and then a herbal medicine to enhance the effect according to the regimen recommended by the doctor.The inflammation symptoms passed quickly, I stopped running to the bathroom every half hour and returned to normal life.I just had to take a course of probiotics to avoid dysbiosis.I didn't notice any more side effects.